| People held in custody in the US in State or Federal Prisons or in Local Jails, by Type of Facility | ||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | ||||||||||||||||
| 2000 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | |
| Total Number of People in Custodya,b | 1,938,500 | 2,293,157 | 2,308,390 | 2,291,912 | 2,266,832 | 2,240,600 | 2,228,400 | 2,211,400 | 2,217,900 | 2,166,600 | 2,157,800 | 2,134,000 | 2,102,400 | 2,068,800 | 1,674,200 | 1,767,200 |
| Federalb,c | ||||||||||||||||
| Total | 140,100 | 197,285 | 198,414 | 205,087 | 206,968 | 214,800 | 216,900 | 215,100 | 209,600 | 195,600 | 188,300 | 182,100 | 177,400 | 174,400 | 151,300 | 171,600 |
| Prisons | 133,900 | 189,154 | 189,770 | 196,318 | 198,339 | 206,000 | 208,000 | 205,700 | 200,100 | 186,500 | 179,100 | 172,700 | 169,600 | 174,400 | 145,500 | 164,300 |
| Federal Facilities | 124,500 | 165,975 | 165,252 | 171,000 | 173,138 | 176,200 | 176,500 | 173,800 | 169,500 | 160,700 | 154,200 | 154,600 | 151,500 | 147,000 | 123,500 | 135,000 |
| Privately Operated Facilities | 9,400 | 23,179 | 24,518 | 25,318 | 25,201 | 29,800 | 31,500 | 31,900 | 30,500 | 25,800 | 24,900 | 18,100 | 18,200 | 19,600 | 22,100 | 29,300 |
| Community Corrections Centersd | 6,100 | 8,131 | 8,644 | 8,769 | 8,629 | 8,800 | 8,900 | 9,300 | 9,500 | 9,200 | 9,200 | 9,500 | 7,700 | 7,800 | 5,700 | 7,300 |
| State | 1,177,200 | 1,315,291 | 1,324,420 | 1,319,391 | 1,310,800 | 1,290,200 | 1,267,000 | 1,265,200 | 1,264,800 | 1,243,500 | 1,228,800 | 1,206,700 | 1,186,700 | 1,159,900 | 973,800 | 959,300 |
| State Facilitiese | 1,101,200 | NA | NA | 1,224,145 | 1,216,700 | 1,197,800 | 1,170,200 | 1,173,000 | 1,173,100 | 1,152,200 | 1,134,700 | 1,112,800 | 1,096,000 | 1,071,300 | 901,500 | 884,100 |
| Privately Operated Facilities | 76,100 | NA | NA | 95,246 | 94,365 | 92,400 | 96,800 | 92,200 | 91,700 | 91,300 | 94,200 | 93,900 | 90,700 | 88,500 | 72,300 | 75,200 |
| Local Jailsb | 621,100 | 780,581 | 785,556 | 767,434 | 748,728 | 735,600 | 744,500 | 731,200 | 744,600 | 727,400 | 740,700 | 745,200 | 738,400 | 734,500 | 549,100 | 636,300 |
| Incarceration Rateb,f | 680 | 756 | 760 | 743 | 731 | 720 | 710 | 700 | 690 | 680 | 670 | 650 | 640 | 630 | 500 | 530 |
| Adult Incarceration Rateb,g | 920 | NA | 1,000 | 981 | 962 | 940 | 920 | 910 | 900 | 870 | 860 | 840 | 830 | 810 | 650 | 680 |
Note: Custody counts in this table differ from jurisdiction counts in other tables and figures in this report. See Terms and definitions. Counts are rounded to the nearest 100 and include estimates for nonresponding jurisdictions. Estimates may have been revised based on updated reporting and may differ from previously published statistics. See Methodology. Rates are rounded to the nearest 10. Details may not to sum to totals due to rounding. Prison counts are for December 31, while jail counts are for the last weekday in June. See Methodology for sources of incarceration data. Significance testing was conducted for local jail estimates because counts are based on a sample of jails in the 2011, 2020, and 2021 Annual Survey of Jails. Other counts presented are based on a full census of the population. *Comparison year. Significance testing for local jail inmate data only. †Difference with comparison year is significant at the 95% confidence level. :Not calculated. aAll persons in the custody of state or federal prisons, privately operated facilities, or local jails. Excludes persons held in U.S. territories, military facilities, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement facilities, jails in Indian country (see table 10), or juvenile facilities. bThe count and rate estimates for the local jail and total incarceration populations obtain standard error terms from the Annual Survey of Jails in 2011–2018, 2020, and 2021. See appendix tables 2 and 3 for standard errors. cAfter 2001, responsibility for sentenced prisoners from the District of Columbia was transferred to the Federal Bureau of Prisons. dNonsecure, privately operated community corrections centers. eExcludes prisoners held in local jails in Georgia for 2011, 2020, and 2021 to avoid double counting. fRates are based on the total number of persons in the custody of state or federal prisons, privately operated facilities, or local jails per 100,000 U.S. residents and were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. resident population of persons of all ages for January 1 of the following year. gRates are based on the total number of persons in the custody of state or federal prisons, privately operated facilities, or local jails per 100,000 adult U.S. residents and were calculated using U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the U.S. resident population of persons age 18 or older for January 1 of the following year. An estimated 7,840 persons age 17 or younger were in the custody of state prisons or local jails in 2011; 2,650 in 2020; and 2,280 in 2021. The change for the jail population was calculated as the difference between the last weekday in June 2019 and the last weekday in June 2020.
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