Tobacco and Nicotine
Page last updated June 11, 2020 by Doug McVay, Editor/Senior Policy Analyst.
21. Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), or E-Cigarettes, Explained Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) or E-Cigarettes "PRODUCT DESIGN AND CONTENTS Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Report by World Health Organization to 6th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, July 21, 2014, p. 2. |
22. E-Cigarettes (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems) Explained "Electronic nicotine delivery devices such as electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are battery-powered devices that deliver nicotine, flavorings (e.g., fruit, mint, and chocolate), and other chemicals via an inhaled aerosol. E-cigarettes that are marketed without a therapeutic claim by the product manufacturer are currently not regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) (1).*" "* Currently, e-cigarettes and their components, such as the nicotine they contain, that are intended for therapeutic purposes (e.g., for smoking cessation) are drug/device combination products. When they are marketed for therapeutic purposes they are regulated by the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. FDA’s Center for Tobacco Products currently regulates cigarettes, cigarette tobacco, roll-your-own tobacco, and smokeless tobacco. FDA has stated its intention to issue a proposed rule extending FDA's tobacco product authorities beyond these products to include other products like e-cigarettes not intended for therapeutic purposes." Kevin Chatham-Stephens, MD, Royal Law, MPH, Ethel Taylor, DVM, Paul Melstrom, PhD, Rebecca Bunnell, ScD, Baoguang Wang, MD, Benjamin Apelberg, PhD, Joshua G. Schier, MD, "Calls to Poison Centers for Exposures to Electronic Cigarettes - United States, September 2010-February 2014, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) (Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control, April 4, 2014, Vol. 63, No. 13, p. 292. |
23. Estimated Global Market for E-Cigarettes (Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS)) "THE ENDS MARKET Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems, Report by World Health Organization to 6th Session of the Conference of the Parties to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control, July 21, 2014, pp. 2-3. |
24. Health Effects of E-Cigarette Use (Electronic Nicotine Delivery System) Use "Propylene glycol and glycerin are the main base ingredients of the e-liquid. Exposure to propylene glycol can cause eye and respiratory irritation, and prolonged or repeated inhalation in industrial settings may affect the central nervous system, behavior, and the spleen.66 In its product safety materials, Dow Chemical Company states that "inhalation exposure to [propylene glycol] mists should be avoided,"67 and the American Chemistry Council warns against its use in theater fogs because of the potential for eye and respiratory irritation.68 When heated and vaporized, propylene glycol can form propylene oxide, an International Agency for Research on Cancer class 2B carcinogen,69 and glycerol forms acrolein, which can cause upper respiratory tract irritation.70,71 Rachel Grana, Neal Benowitz and Stanton A. Glantz, "Contemporary Reviews in Cardiovascular Medicine: E-Cigarettes: A Scientific Review," Circulation (Dallas, TX: American Heart Association, May 13, 2014). 2014;129:1972-1986. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.007667, p. 1978. |
25. Calls to US Poison Centers About Human Exposures to E-Cigarettes, 2010-2014 "During the study period, PCs reported 2,405 e-cigarette and 16,248 cigarette exposure calls from across the United States, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories. E-cigarette exposure calls per month increased from one in September 2010 to 215 in February 2014 (Figure). Cigarette exposure calls ranged from 301 to 512 calls per month and were more frequent in summer months, a pattern also observed with total call volume to PCs involving all exposures (5). Kevin Chatham-Stephens, MD, Royal Law, MPH, Ethel Taylor, DVM, Paul Melstrom, PhD, Rebecca Bunnell, ScD, Baoguang Wang, MD, Benjamin Apelberg, PhD, Joshua G. Schier, MD, "Calls to Poison Centers for Exposures to Electronic Cigarettes - United States, September 2010-February 2014, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) (Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control, April 4, 2014, Vol. 63, No. 13, p. 292. |