" At yearend 2023, about 5,530,300 persons were under the supervision of a correctional authority in the United States, including 3,772,000 persons under community supervision and 1,852,900 incarcerated in state or federal prisons or local jails (table 1).
" The total correctional population at yearend 2023 increased 1% from yearend 2022 (5,480,600) but decreased 20% from yearend 2013 (6,899,700).
" The total population under community supervision at yearend 2023 increased 1% from yearend 2022 (3,742,200) but decreased 21% from yearend 2013 (4,749,800).
" On December 31, 2023, about 680,400 persons were on parole, a decline of 3% (18,400) from 2022.
" There were 3,103,400 persons on probation at yearend 2023, an increase of 1% (39,200) from yearend 2022.
" State and federal prison populations increased by 2% from yearend 2022 to yearend 2023.
" The total incarcerated population increased 1% (25,300) from yearend 2022 to yearend 2023.
" There were 1,369,400 fewer persons under supervision by adult correctional systems in 2023 than in 2013.
" The decline in the number of persons on probation (down 809,500) accounted for 59% of the overall
change in the total correctional population from yearend 2013 to 2023.
" Decreases in the state and federal prison population (down 322,800) accounted for 24% of the overall
change in the total correctional population from yearend 2013 to 2023."
Shaun Gann, PhD, and Danielle Kaeble. Correctional Populations in the United States, 2023 - Statistical Tables. Bureau of Justice Statistics: Washington, DC. September 2025. NCJ310413.